Anti-GAD1 antibodies are used in the immunodetection of the protein glutamate decarboxylase 1. In humans, the canonical protein has a reported length of 594 amino acid residues and a mass of 66.9 kDa. Up to 4 different isoforms have been reported for this protein. It is notably expressed in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and caudate. A member of the Group II decarboxylase protein family, GAD1 is known to catalyze the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as cofactor. The GAD1 marker can be used to identify Amacrine Cells.* Synonyms for this target antigen include DEE89, GAD, SCP, 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, GAD-67, glutamate decarboxylase 1 (brain, 67kDa), and CPSQ1. GAD1 gene orthologs have been reported in the mouse, rat, bovine, frog, chimpanzee and chicken species.
*HuBMAP Human Reference Atlas v1.4