Fig 1: Immunostaining for SATB2 (brown coloration) in pulp-dentin complex of human healthy teeth and teeth with pulpitis at magnification ×40. SATB2 was primarily localized in the odontoblasts and dental pulp of (A) crown and (B) root of healthy teeth and (C) crown and (D) root of teeth with pulpitis. However, immunohistochemical staining was more potent in the odontoblasts of the root in teeth with (D) pulpitis compared with (B) healthy teeth. In the odontoblasts of the teeth with pulpitis, the immunohistochemical staining was more potent in (D) the root compared with (C) the crown; however, the opposite was observed in (A and B) the healthy tooth. (A) In the healthy teeth, SATB2 expression was indicated in several blood vessels in the coronal pulp, (B) but not in any blood vessels in the pulp of root. Scale bar, 20 µm. ob, odontoblasts; d, dentin; bv, blood vessels; SATB2, special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2.
Fig 2: Immunostaining for SATB2 expression (brown coloration) in postnatal murine tooth germs at P7. (A) At P7, when the mineralized tissue was gradually deposited, SATB2 expression was still detected in the ameloblasts and dental pulp cells. Basic completion of crown morphogenesis was indicated and initial root development was observed. Magnification, ×40. (B and C) On the pulpal side of root dentin, odontoblasts were lined in a row. SATB2 was still strongly expressed in the odontoblasts in the crown and in the root. Notably, SATB2-positive staining of odontoblasts in the root was more potent compared with that in the crown. Magnification, ×200. Scale bar, 20 µm. ob, odontoblasts; ab, ameloblasts; e, enamel; d, dentin; SATB2, special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2; P, postnatal day.
Fig 3: Immunostaining for SATB2 (brown coloration) in postnatal murine tooth germs at (A and B) P1 (magnification, ×40) and (C and D) P5 (magnification, ×200). At (A) P1 and (C) P5, positive staining was observed in the ameloblasts and intense SATB2-positive staining was present in the odontoblasts and dental pulp cells. (B and D) In the odontoblasts, marked SATB2 expression was detected in nuclei, whereas expression was predominantly in the cytosol and partially in nuclei in the ameloblasts. Scale bar, 20 µm. oee, outer enamel epithelium; sr, stellate reticulum; dp, dental pulp; si, stratum intermedium; ob, odontoblasts; ab ameloblasts, d dentin; SATB2, special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2; P, postnatal day.
Fig 4: Immunostaining was used to detected the expression of SATB2 (brown coloration) in embryonic murine tooth germs at magnification, ×200. (A) At the bud stage (E13.5), the dental lamina was thickened and invaginated into the underlying mesenchyme. SATB2 was expressed in the tooth bud cells and the underlying mesenchyme. (B) During the cap stage (E14.5), the enamel organ underwent further proliferation and differentiation. SATB2 was also detected in the enamel organ and mesenchyme. (C) At the early bell stage (E16.5), SATB2 staining was positive in the inner and outer enamel epithelium and the stratum intermedium; however, no expression was indicated in the stellate reticulum. Positive staining for SATB2 was also identified in the enamel knot. (D) At the late bell stage (E18.5), positive immunostaining was observed in odontoblasts and dental papilla cells. The differentiating ameloblasts, stratum intermedium and inner enamel epithelium were all stained SATB2-positive. Scale bar, 20 µm. eo, enamel organ; me, mesenchyme; iee, inner enamel epithelium; oee, outer enamel epithelium; sr, stellate reticulum; dp, dental papilla; ek, enamel knot; si, stratum intermedium; ob, odontoblasts; SATB2, special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2; E, embryonic day.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Anti-SATB2 antibody