Fig 2: Calmodulin Antagonists Suppress PCNA and CD1 in Colon Cancer Cells. (a) Western blot analysis of PCNA and CD1 expression in CCD112 (normal colon cell) and colon cancer cells (SW1116, SW480, HCT-15, and COLO205) displayed overexpression of colon cancer cells compared to non-tumorigenic cell. (b) The effects of PTZ and TFP on the expression of PCNA and CD1 in PTZ and TFP-treated cells of SW1116, SW480, HCT-15, and COLO205 were determined via western blot and showed suppression in both protein levels. Comparisons between normal cell and cancer cells, and between control and treated groups were conducted using a one-way ANOVA test with Dunnett’s post hoc test; *P<0.05, **P<0.005, ***P<0.001. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n=3)

Fig 3: Down-regulation of SNHG6 inhibited the progression of HCC in vitro. a The expression levels of Sox2 and PCNA of Hep3B and Huh7 cells after down-regulation of SNHG6 were measured with western blotting. The proliferation ability of HCC cell lines, b Hep3B and c Huh7, was detected with EdU labeling. d EdU positive cells per field were calculated. e The migration and f invasion abilities of HCC cell lines after down-regulation of SNHG6 were determined with the transwell assay. g The percent of Huh7 cells in each cell cycles after SNHG6 knockdown. h The apoptosis level of Huh7 cells after SNHG6 knockdown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Data were presented as mean ± SD from 6 independent experiments

Fig 4: An increased level of OC-STAMP in silicotic rats. (a) Positivity of ABCA3 and collagen in silicotic rats; data are presented as the mean ± SD; n = 8 per group. (b) Positivity of p21 and PCNA in silicotic rats; data are presented as the mean ± SD; n = 8 per group. (c) Coexpression of ABCA3 and OC-STAMP in silicotic rats; (d) protein and mRNA levels of OC-STAMP in silicotic rats. Data are presented as the mean ± SD; n = 3 per group.

Fig 5: Additional inhibitory effect of the combination treatment of Cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) in 4NQO-induced tongue oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) mouse model. (A) Morphological observation of the DMSO- or drug-treated group in 4NQO-induced cancer mouse model. (B) Digital outlines of representative tongues of DMSO- or drug-treated mice. Asterisks indicate significant difference in drug-treated group singly in comparison with 4NQO-treated group. *P < 0.05 (C) hematoxylin–eosin or immunohistochemical staining with PCNA and p-STAT3 antibodies of tongue cancer with DMSO or drug treatment.