Fig 2: Spleen pathology following POWV infection. (A) H&E staining of spleen tissue harvested at 3 dpi. (B) Microscopic imaging of mouse spleens stained with CD68-Alexa Fluor® 488 (green) and DAPI (blue). Scale bars are 250 μm. (C) MFI was determined for CD68-stained sections by ImageJ. (D) Number CD68-positive cells in the spleen using ImageJ. Middle horizontal bar indicates the mean and error bars are SEM (n = 3/group). Statistical significance was determined by unpaired t-test. (E) ImageJ-generated visualization of CD68-positive cell distribution in the spleen.

Fig 3: B10 transfer promoted M2 polarizations in periodontal tissue in periodontitis.A Representative fluorescence images of CX3CR1+CCR2+ pro-resolving macrophage in periodontal tissue. B Quantification of fluorescence intensity of CX3CR1+CCR2+ pro-resolving macrophage. C Quantitative analysis of CD68+CD206+ pro-resolving macrophage expression in periodontal tissue. D Typical image of CD68+CD206+ pro-resolving macrophage expression in periodontal tissue. E Typical image of YM-1 expression in periodontal tissue. F Quantitative analysis of YM-1 expression. G Typical image of Arg-1 expression in gingival tissues. H Quantitative analysis of Arg-1 expression. (Con): healthy control group, (L + Pg): ligation with P. gingivalis infection, (L + Pg + B): ligation with P. gingivalis infection and B cell transfer, (L + Pg + B10): ligation with P. gingivalis infection and B10 transfer. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 5 per group. NS, not significant; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Fig 4: Adoptive transfer of B10 enhance of efferocytosis and autophagy of macrophage. A Typical image of CD68+Ly6G+ cells. B Statistical of total Ly6G+ neutrophil in periodontal tissue. C Statistical of CD68+Ly6G+ cells in periodontal tissue. D Typical image of CD68+MerTK+ cells in periodontal tissue. E Statistical of CD68+MerTK+ expression in periodontal tissue. F Typical image of LC3B+ cells in periodontal tissue. G Statistical of LC3B+ cells expression in periodontal tissue. H Typical image of ATG5+ cells expression in periodontal tissue. I Statistical of ATG5+ expression in periodontal tissue. J Typical image of CD68+LC3B+ macrophage in periodontal tissue. K Statistical of CD68+LC3B+ expression in periodontal tissue. L Typical image of CD68+ATG5+ macrophage in periodontal tissue. M Statistical of CD68+ATG5+ expression in periodontal tissue. (Con): healthy control group, (L + Pg): ligation with P. gingivalis infection, (L + Pg + B): ligation with P. gingivalis infection and B cell transfer, (L + Pg + B10): ligation with P. gingivalis infection and B10 transfer. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 5 per group. NS, not significant; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001