Fig 1: Multicomponent physical exercise intervention reverses BIOFRAIL study derived frailty molecular biomarkers. (A) mRNA levels of the seven candidate genes (stratified by high and low expression in frail individuals) in samples from before and after the 16 weeks of multicomponent exercise intervention group. (B) EGR1 protein levels in samples from before and after 16 weeks of multicomponent exercise intervention group. (C) mRNA levels of the seven candidate genes in samples from control group. (D) EGR1 protein levels in samples from control group. (E) Univariate and ANCOVA analyses of the seven candidate genes. Data as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Sample sizes (N) for individual biomarkers may vary from the total clinical follow‐up sample (n = 24 for controls; n = 44 for the exercise group) due to technical laboratory limitations, including insufficient serum volume or qPCR amplification failures. All available data were included in the analysis.