Fig 1: Correlations between the expression levels of NLRP3 in the hippocampus or serum and aggressive behaviors. (A) Representative immunoreactive bands showing the protein levels of hippocampal NLRP3 in the Control, Model, A804598, IL-1Ra, and NLRP3−/− mice. (B) Statistical results show that A804598, IL-1Ra, and NLRP3−/− decreased the protein expression of NLRP3 (n = 3, ****p < 0.0001 vs. Model). (C) NLRP3 and IL-1βhippocampus and serum levels. (D) Pearson correlation analyses were performed by comparing the expression levels of NLRP3 in the hippocampus or serum and aggressive behavior latency or aggressive behavior score. Correlations were performed considering some animals (N = 3). The coefficient r and p-value for each correlation are presented in a box. Statistically significant correlations are highlighted in red (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as means ± SEMs. Control, producers of non-aggressive behavior after stress; Model, aggressive behavior after stress; A804598, P2X7R antagonist; IL-1Ra, IL-1β blocker; NLRP3−/−, NLRP3 knockout mice. (TIFF format, 1200 dpi, 2-column fitting image).
Fig 2: Behavioral phenotype of mice in each group. (A) Schematic representation of the experimental design. (B) Open field test representative trajectory graph. (C) Elevated plus-maze test representative trajectory graph. (D) Open field test results. (E) Elevated plus-maze test results. (F) Attack behavior test results. Data are expressed as means ± SEMs. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Control, producers of non-aggressive behavior after stress; Model, aggressive behavior after stress; A804598, P2X7R antagonist; IL-1Ra, IL-1β blocker; NLRP3−/−, NLRP3 knockout mice. n = 8/group. (TIFF format, 1200 dpi, 2-column fitting image).
Fig 3: The P2X7R was activated in the resident intruder paradigm. (A) Representative images of P2X7R (green) and DAPI (blue) labeling in the hippocampus CA1, CA3, and DG after drug interventions; scale bar = 200 and 50 µm. (B) Positive staining area of P2X7R and DAPI double-labeled (P2X7R + DAPI) proteins in the hippocampus CA1 (**p < 0.01 Control vs. Model; n = 3/group), CA3 (**p < 0.01 Control vs. Model; *p < 0.05 A804598 vs. Model; n = 3/group), and DG (**p < 0.01 Control vs. Model; *p < 0.05 A804598 vs. Model; n = 3/group). (C) Representative immunoreactive bands showing the protein levels of hippocampal P2X7R in the Control, Model, A804598, IL-1Ra, and NLRP3−/− mice. (D) Statistical results show that A804598, IL-1Ra, and NLRP3−/− decreased the protein expression of P2X7R (n = 3, ****p < 0.0001 vs. Model).
Fig 4: GCDCA-mediated hepatocyte IL-1β secretion activates HSCs. (A) Western blot analysis ofα-SMA and Collagen-I in LX2 cells treated with conditioned medium (CM) from GCDCA/LPS-stimulated L02 hepatocytes. (B) The protein levels of α-SMA and Collagen-I in LX2 cells with treatment of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA, 200 ng/mL) upon CM exposure. (C and D) Representative images and quantification of LX2 migration upon CM exposure detected by wound healing assay. (E) CCK-8 assay of LX2 proliferation by CM treatment. n ≥ 3 for each group. aP < 0.05.
Supplier Page from MedChemExpress for IL-1RA/IL-1RN Protein, Human (HEK293)