Fig 1: Chemokine expression in ex vivo tumor tissues. (A) Detection of chemokines CCL5, CXCL10, and CCL22 in supernatants of cancer specimens after incubation with the negative control (-), 10 µg/mL curcumin (Curc.) and/or PIC for 24 h. Results were determined via ELISA. n = 5. (B) Evaluation of chemokine expression (CCL5/CXCL10/CCL22 in cancer specimens by qRT-PCR after incubation with the negative control (-), curcumin (Curc.) and/or PIC for 24 h. mRNA levels are shown as relative expression to the normalization control HPRT. n = 9. Bars represent mean with standard error of mean (SEM). P-values were determined with the Mann–Whitney test, with * p < 0.05.
Fig 2: Chemokine expression in macrophage cultures. Detection of chemokines CCL5, CXCL10, and CCL22 from supernatants of macrophage cultures after incubation with the negative control (-), 10 µg/mL curcumin (Curc.) and/or PIC for 24 h. Results were determined via ELISA. n = 7. Bars represent mean with SEM. P-values were determined with the Mann–Whitney test, with * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.
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