Fig 1: Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and granzyme B upon direct contact between Th17-polarized cells and human OLs. (A) Concentration of analytes measured by a Luminex assay in supernatants from human polarized Th cells in direct contact or not with oligodendrocytes (OLs). Each dot represents one donor and OL prep, n = 6 different OL preps, and 6 T cell donors. Friedman test with Dunn’s method or one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test according to distribution for each analyte. (B) Representative confocal images (immunofluorescence, scale bar = 5 µm) of granzyme B expression (GzB, green) by CD4+ memory T cells ex vivo or after Th2 polarization versus Th17 polarization (magenta) and (C) quantification of the percentage of CD4+GrzB+-positive cells per field of view (FOV) and (D) the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) per cell in CD4+GzB+ cells. Wilcoxon rank test, n = 5 donors, diamond = mean. (E) Representative flow cytometry pseudocolor dot plots of GzB staining in polarized T cells and (F) quantification of percentage of CD4+ cells expressing GzB and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) in CD4+ T cells after 4 h PMA-ionomycin stimulation, paired t-test, n = 8 donors. (G) Percentage of Th17-polarized cells expressing granzyme B gating on IL-17+, IFN?+, or double-positive cells compared to their negative counterpart, paired t-test, n = 6 donors. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.