Fig 1: MUP1 augments insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in cultured muscle cells. Insulin-stimulated (10 nM) GLUT4 translocation (A) and signaling (B) was assessed in L6-mycGLUT4 myoblasts in presence of the indicated concentrations of recombinant MUP1 protein. In A data are means +/− SEM. ***p < 0.001 and *p < 0.05 different from 0 µg/ml within Basal or Insulin. ###p < 0.001 differences between indicated groups. In B, representative results of three independent experiments are shown.
Fig 2: MUP1 is regulated by high-fat diet (HFD) and exercise training (ET). Heatmaps (A) of proteins altered (q < 0.05 and fold-change +/−50%) by ET on Chow (top), HFD (middle), or ET on HFD (bottom heatmap) with corresponding proteins from the other groups. Proteins depicted in (B) were either altered in the same direction by ET and ET on HFD, or they were oppositely altered by HFD and ET on Chow or ET on HFD (‘+’ denotes increased, ‘−’ decreased abundance; a diagonal strikethrough means that the protein was not significantly regulated). Quantification and representative images of western blot performed for the indicated proteins (C–G, n = 5–10). The effects of ET and HFD on Mup1 gene expression in muscle (H, n = 7–10), as well as the effect of ET effect on Mup1 gene expression in AMPK KD mice (I, n = 8). Data are means +/− SEM. ***p < 0.001 main effect of diet (HFD vs Chow). ###p < 0.001 and ##p < 0.01 main effects for activity (ET vs sedentary (SED)). ¤¤p < 0.01 difference between indicated groups.
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