RNAi Technology (siRNA / miRNA / shRNA)

RNA interference (RNAi) is the process by which the translation of a protein is prevented by selective degradation of its encoded mRNA. In nature, this mechanism likely evolved for cells to eliminate unwanted foreign genes as a defense against viruses. In research, this technique is used for loss-of-function studies. RNAi has had significant impact on the ease, speed, and specificity with which the loss of gene function analysis can be done in mammalian cells and animal models. RNAi technology has the ability to validate target genes and functionally assess relevant disease genes. Thus leading to the development of effective therapeutics. The discovery of RNA interference by Craig Mello and Andrew Fire earned them the 2006 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Highlighting the importance of this technology on the future of disease research and drug development.