Fig 2: Ang2 plasma levels in perioperative NSCLC patients. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗∗∗ P < 0.001, ∗∗ P = 0.003 (POD42) or 0.004 (POD56), compared to corresponding POD-1; ^^^P < 0.001, ^^P = 0.008, ^P = 0.02 (POD-1 (1, 3)), 0.03 (POD-1 (14)), 0.02 (POD-1 (42)), 0.04 (POD-1 (56)), compared to control. Ang2 = angiopoietin-2, NSCLC = nonsmall cell lung cancer, POD = postoperative day, POD-1 (1, 3) = preoperative control for POD1 and POD3 samples, POD-1 (14) = preoperative control for POD14 sample, POD-1 (28) = preoperative control for POD28 sample, POD-1 (42) = preoperative control for POD42 sample, POD-1 (56) = preoperative control for POD56 sample, SD = standard deviation.

Fig 3: The synthetic cannabinoid MMB-2201 elevated the intracellular expression of VEGF, ANG-1, and ANG-2 in endothelial cells. The protein levels were analyzed using western blot analysis and specific primary antibodies. (A) Representative blot showing the results. Quantification of the expression levels of (B) VEGF, (C) ANG-1, and (D) ANG-2. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). (*) indicates p < 0.05. (****) indicates p < 0.0001

Fig 4: Release of ANG-1, ANG-2, and VEGF has significantly stimulated after incubation with (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB

Fig 5: ELISA quantification of gene expression in HBMECs treated with different concentrations of 5-fluoro ABICA. ELISA was conducted on HBMECs treated with 5-fluoro ABICA at different concentrations, to quantify the levels of secreted proangiogenic factors. (A–C) Significant increase in the release of VEGF, ANG-1, and ANG-2 concentrations in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with 5-fluoro ABICA compared with the control. Gene expression was calculated for each sample and is presented in the graph as units. The data are presented as SD ± mean (n = 3). (∗∗∗∗) indicates p < 0.0001, (∗∗∗) indicates p < 0.001, (∗) indicates p < 0.05.