Fig 1: The effect of parkin protein loss on synthesis and storage of striatal dopamine. Whole synaptosomes and synaptosomal fractions were isolated from striata of the 2 month-old parkin knockout (PKO) and wild type (WT) Long Evans male rats. Compared with the WT controls, there was no significant difference in the immunoreactivity of (A) TH (detected at ~60 kDa) or (B) VMAT2 (detected at ~70–75 kDa and 55 kDa, representing glycosylated and partially glycosylated VMAT2, respectively) in synaptosomal fractions from the striata of WT and PKO rats. An additional band of ~65 kDa was apparent in the vesicular fraction of VMAt2. (2Bi) A representative blot containing all synaptosomal fractions and the corresponding total protein content. (2Bii) VMAT2 levels in total synaptosomal fraction and corresponding ß-actin levels as well as another representative blot showing VMAT2 in synaptosomal fractions. Abbreviations: Mem, membrane fraction; Ves, vesicular fraction; VMAT2, vesicular monoamine transporter 2; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; Tot, total synaptosomal fraction. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM.
Fig 2: Effects of Myelophil (MYP) on 5-HTergic activity-related molecules in the raphe nuclei (RN). Relative 5-HT levels in the DRN were measured using immunofluorescence (A) and semi-quantified (B). Western blot analysis was used to assess levels of 5-HTT, TPH2, VMAT2, MAO-A, and 5-HT1AR protein expressions in the RN (C), with semi-quantification (D). The data are expressed as the means and standard deviations (n = 3). #, p < 0.05 and ##, p < 0.01 compared with the normal group; *, p < 0.05 and **, p < 0.01 compared with the Flx group
Fig 3: Expression of placental dopaminergic system components in normal and altered dyads. (a) Representative Western blot images of placental lysates from normal and altered dyads (n=9). Proteins evaluated include tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), dopamine transporter (DAT), and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2). Bands were visualized by chemiluminescence and captured on radiographic film. (b) Densitometric quantification of TH, COMT, VMAT2, OCT3, DAT, and DRD2 expression, normalized to GAPDH. Statistical comparisons were performed using either Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney U test, depending on data distribution and variance assumptions. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *(p < 0.05); **(p < 0.01). Effect sizes and detailed pairwise comparisons are provided in Supplementary Table 5 (Supplementary Material).
Supplier Page from Novus Biologicals, a Bio-Techne Brand for VMAT2 Antibody - BSA Free
Available conjugates: Available conjugates: UnconjugatedSpecificity: VMAT2Sizes Available: 0.1 mg (also 0.025 mg)