Fig 1: (a–l) Expression of NDUFS1, SDHB, Nox2, and UQCRFS1 in uninfected, latently infected HIV+(GFP−), and activated HIV+(GFP+) hμglia after exposure to Regimens1 and 2 for 24 h. (m) Immunoblot images of protein expression in hμglia and (n–q) SH-SY5Y cells. Abbreviations: D−, no drug (vehicle control); R1, Regimen1; R2, Regimen2. NDUFS1, SDHB, and UQCRFS1 are mitochondrial respiratory subunit proteins; Sod2, a mitochondrial ROS-scavenging enzyme; Nox2, NADPH oxidase 2, a major cytoplasmic oxidase; Tom20, a mitochondrial protein translocase; Lrfn2, a marker of neuronal/synaptic integrity; I + III2 and III2 + IV, mitochondrial supercomplexes. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.005 (Mann–Whitney U test).