Description
α-MSH is a potent anti-inflammatory peptide that operates by suppressing the activity of key molecules involved in the inflammatory process. It reduces the production of nitric oxide (NO), a common mediator in various inflammatory conditions. Additionally, α-MSH inhibits the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), thereby diminishing the inflammatory response. It also plays a crucial role in immunoregulation by inducing specific tolerance and preventing contact dermatitis. Furthermore, α-MSH influences the immune response by modulating cytokine secretion from lymphocytes and monocytes. In cerebral ischemia models, α-MSH suppresses the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and decreases oxidative stress in brain tissue. Beyond its anti-inflammatory properties, α-MSH also demonstrates direct antibacterial activity