Fig 1: Effect of AAV-Ec-SOD on the neurotransmitter-related proteins in the PVN (A) High-performance liquid chromatography chromatograms of GABA in the PVN in different groups. (B) Column diagram for the PVN level of GABA in different groups. (C–D) Representative immunoblot and (E) densitometric analysis of PVN expression levels of TH and GAD67 in the different groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4–6). *p < 0.05 NS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD; # p < 0.05 HS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD.
Fig 2: Schematic presentation of the proposed mechanisms of Ec-SOD in salt-induced hypertension. High salt diet increased the blood pressure and sympathetic activity, which contributed to hypertension. Bilateral PVN microinjection of the overexpression of AAV-Ec-SOD inhibits the oxidative stress in the PVN and decreases the blood pressure, probably through reducing the NLRP3-dependent inflammatory responses and restoring the imbalance of the neurotransmitters in the PVN during salt-induced hypertension.
Fig 3: Effect of AAV-Ec-SOD on oxidative stress–related indicators in the PVN. (A) Representative immunoblot and (B) densitometric analysis of PVN expression levels of Ec-SOD, NOX2, and NOX4 in different groups. (C) Column diagrams for Ec-SOD activity, (D) NAD(P)H oxidase activity, (E) MAD level, (F) GSH level in the PVN of different groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4–6). & p < 0.05 AAV-Ctrl vs. AAV-Ec-SOD; *p < 0.05 NS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD; # p < 0.05 HS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD.
Fig 4: Effect of AAV-Ec-SOD on NOX2 and ASC-positive neurons in the PVN. (A) Double fluorescence staining for NOX2- and ASC-positive neurons in the PVN in different groups. (B–C) Column diagram showing the NOX2 and ASC-positive neurons in the PVN in different groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *p < 0.05 NS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD; # p < 0.05 HS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD.
Fig 5: Effect of AAV-Ec-SOD on the NOX2 and TH-positive neurons in the PVN. (A) Double fluorescence staining for NOX2 and TH-positive neurons in the PVN in different groups. (B) Column diagram showing the TH-positive neurons in the PVN in different groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *p < 0.05 NS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD; # p < 0.05 HS + PVN AAV-Ctrl vs. HS + PVN AAV-Ec-SOD.
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