Fig 1: Cytokine profiles in preterm lamb plasma during the early-stage study (DOL 1-10) and FPT lamb lungs at the late-stage study (DOL 90). A-C The plasma IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations in vehicle-treated (n=7) and AVR-48-treated (n=6) preterm lambs at different time points were determined by ELISA. Each cytokine concentration was significantly higher at specific hours of life for the AVR-48 (3.0 mg/kg dose) group compared to the vehicle control PT group. D The plasma soluble CD163 concentration was significantly lower at the specific hour of life shown for the AVR-48 treated lambs (n=3) compared to the vehicle control PT group (n=3). E-H The relative protein level for TLR4, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in FPT lamb lungs (collected at d90) treated with either vehicle or AVR-48 as determined by Western blot. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p ≤ 0.05, Ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test. **p < 0.01. Two-way ANOVA, Šídák's multiple comparisons test. GraphPad Prism v10.4