Description
This gene encodes a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) family of cytokines, which aremultifunctional peptides that regulate proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and other functionsin many cell types. Many cells have TGFB receptors, and the protein positively and negatively regulates manyother growth factors. The secreted protein is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a mature TGFB1peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latentTGFB1-binding protein, or in an active form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer. The mature peptide may also formheterodimers with other TGFB family members. This gene is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations inthis gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease