Fig 1: Acrolein activates autophagy via the AKT/mTOR pathway. A Western blots of p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, mTOR, Atg5, Atg7, Beclin 1, and LC3 in each group. B Relative levels of these proteins expressed as percentages of β-actin. C Effects of SC79 or MHY1485 on acrolein-induced VWF secretion in each group. Values are presented as the mean ± SEM, n = 3 per group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs vehicle group. &P < 0.05, &&P < 0.01 vs acrolein group.
Fig 2: Expression levels of miR-133a and endothelial injury markers (vWF, H-FABP and cTnI) in patients with or without AMI. The expression levels of miR-133a, and vWF, H-FABP and cTnI, were detected in patients using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, respectively. AMI patients, patients with AMI following radical surgery for gastric cancer; Control patients, patients without AMI following radical surgery for gastric cancer. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. the Control patients. AMI, acute myocardial infarction; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; H-FABP, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein; miR-133a, microRNA-133a; vWF, Von Willebrand factor.
Fig 3: Acrolein induces coagulopathy partly by regulating VWF secretion. A VWF levels in mice treated with or without phenelzine after TBI and in sham mice. B VWF levels in mice infused with acrolein or PBS. C VWF levels in mice treated with rhADAMTS-13 after TBI or acrolein infusion. D Clotting times in the above treatment groups. E Plasma levels of D-dimer from mice in the above treatment groups. Values are presented as the mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, **P < 0.01.
Fig 4: Expression levels of miR-133a and endothelial injury markers (vWF, H-FABP and cTnI) in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction. (A) Quantification of the expression levels of miR-133a in model rats, as determined by RT-qPCR. Expression levels of (B) vWF, (C) H-FABP and (D) cTnI in model rats, as determined by ELISA. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. the Con group; #P<0.05 vs. the Model group; &P<0.05 vs. the Mimic group. Con: Control group, rats that underwent the sham operation were injected with a vector; Model: Model group, rats in the AMI model group were injected with NC; mimic, miR-133a mimic group, rats in the AMI model group were injected with a miR-133a mimic; inhibitor, miR-133a inhibitor group, rats in the AMI model group were injected with a miR-133a inhibitor; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; H-FABP, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein; miR-133a, microRNA-133a; vWF, Von Willebrand factor.
Fig 5: The protein expression of (A) Ang-1 and (B) vWF of hBMSCs cultured on scaffolds for different days. The values shown are means ± standard errors for all the assays. “*” indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to PLA; “@” indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to PLA/DA.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Human Von Willebrand Factor ELISA Kit (VWF)