p14 arf Antibody from MyBioSource.com

Tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs) in normal cells prevent tumor formation in cells that are damaged by chemotherapeutic compounds or radiation. These TSPs act by inducing programmed cell death in cancer cells called, apoptosis. By this way, tumor suppressor genes protect the body from un-controlled cell division and growth. One of the family members of this gene family include p53, a well studied tumor suppressor protein, that becomes lost and/or mutated in a minority of breast cancers (1). A small population of breast cancer cells show normal p53 expression that led to the search for other genes/proteins associated with the 'p53 pathway' that play a central role in cancer progression. One of the candidate is a p14arf (alternative reading frame) gene that appears to bind and stabilize p53 function. This protein appears to be missing in many cancers that have normal p53 expression, thus these cells despite having normal p53, lost the ability to undergo apoptosis in response to various chemotherapy. P14ARF is also altered in the early stages, & play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (2). P14ARF is also a valuable marker for monitoring the progression of cervical neoplasia (3). Role of nucleolus in sensing stress signals via p14ARF is just emerging. Cellular stress causes nucleolar disruption, triggering the release of regulatory factors to the nucleoplasm. These factors, especially ARF (alternative reading frame), inhibit the degradation of p53, thereby facilitating its intracellular accumulation (4). The p14arf tumor suppressor acts by accumulating p53 followed by induction of p53-mediated apoptosis. A decrease in p53 or p14arf led to uncontrolled cell growth in most of the cancerous cells. In breast cancer, where normal p53 is usually retained, loss of p14ARF is likely to be frequent, and therapies based on restoring p14ARF function hold promise as highly effective, biologically specific, and non-toxic alternatives to conventional therapy. The inactivation of p14arf- MDM2-p53 path way is also affected in hallmark of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) which is mediated by c-myc expression (1). p14ARF protein primarily localized to the nucleoli and extranucleolar inclusions bodies. P14ARF is highly arginine enriched, 173 amino acid long protein (approximate MW 21-23kDa). There are three peptide antibodies corresponding to 3 epitopes spanning the P14ARF protein are available from MyBioSource. For antibody ARF-101AP, the epitope (GRCVGPSLQLRGQEWRCS) in the regions (42 amino acids) form N-terminal that is not translated and therefore this antibody will not label endogenous p14ARF (5). These antibody epitopes corresponds to amino (amino acid 4-21) mid-region (amino acid 53-70) and a close to C-terminal (amino acid 94-111) portion of the P14ARF protein. The P14ARF antibodies are also available in affinity purified form for immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopic applications. MyBioSource. has also produced antibodies to several other related genes such as src, ras, kip etc. MyBioSource. also has phosphorspecific antibodies to kip14, and ras proteins. MyBioSource employs cyclic peptide methodology for generating antibodies, which results in higher titer and specificity (6). MyBioSource, will also provide Western blot positive controls for most of these antibodies in ready-to-use buffer for easy identification of respective proteins. Limited quantities of antigens are also available. Please enquire for their availability before ordering