Fig 2: Time-dependent dependent mast cell releasate-induced changes in macrophage scavenger receptor mRNA expression.A) Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from 3 donors were cultured in human primary mast cell releasate for 72 h, and LOX-1 mRNA expression was analyzed and compared to non-treated cells at the beginning of the incubation. B) MDMs from 6 donors were cultured in LAD2 mast cell releasate for 4 h and 24 h, and LOX-1, CD36 and MSR1 mRNA expression was measured and compared to non-treated cells at each time point. C) MDMs from 3 different donors were incubated in complete releasate, soluble releasate, or granules derived from LAD2 mast cells for 4 h and 24 h. The results are presented as means ± SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs. non-treated cells.

Fig 3: Effect of histamine H1 and H2 receptor antagonists on histamine-induced macrophage LOX-1 mRNA expression.Monocyte-derived macrophages were incubated in the presence of 10 µM histamine and the indicated concentrations of the histamine H1 and H2 receptor antagonists (pyrilamine and ranitidine, respectively) for 4 h and analyzed for LOX-1 mRNA expression. The results are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3 donors). All statistical comparisons were non-significant.

Fig 4: Effect of individual mast cell releasate components on macrophage LOX-1 expression.Monocyte-derived macrophages were incubated with A) histamine, B) TNF-a, and C) TGF-ß1 for 4 h and 24 h, and analyzed for LOX-1 mRNA expression (n = 6 donors). D) The combined effect of the components was studied by incubating macrophages with histamine (10 µM) and/or TNF-a (1 ng/ml) and/or TGF-ß1 (0.1 ng/ml) for 4 h and 24 h (n = 4 donors). The results are presented as means ± SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs. non-treated cells.

Fig 5: OxLDL/LOX-1 induces IL-6 secretion and STAT3 activation in CRPC cell models. (A) IL-6 ELISA assay from culture supernatants of C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells transfected with siRNA against LOX-1 or control and treated with 50 µg/mL oxLDLs for 24 h. (B) OxLDLs/LOX-1 induce the activation of STAT3 in CRPC cell models. Western blot analysis of p-STAT3 in protein extracts of C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells transfected with siRNA against LOX-1 or siRNA control treated with 50 µg/mL oxLDLs for 24 h. The data represent the means ± S.D. of three independent experiments analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett’s post-test (*** p = 0.001, ** p = 0.01, * p = 0.05, ns: non-significant statistical difference).