Fig 2: Mitochondrial augmentation of patient-derived HSPCs confers long-term engraftment benefit.a Graphical representation of experimental design. Limited PS-UCB derived CD34+ cell number enabled the treatment of n = 4 in control and n = 3 in mitochondrially treated groups. b Augmentation level of UCB-derived CD34+ cells, determined by percentage of exogenous mtDNA 21 h post augmentation assessed using NGS. c Level of human hematopoietic cells in NSGS mouse bone marrow, six months post transplantation measured by flow cytometry. p = 0.057 (U(4,3) = 0) for the differences in % hCD45+, hCD45+/CD33+ and hCD45+/CD19+ subpopulations in BM of mitochondrially-augmented vs. non-augmented mice groups. d Level of human cells in NSGS mouse bone marrow, analyzed by dPCR human B2M copy number assay **p = 0.0017. e Heteroplasmy levels of human mtDNA in NSGS mouse bone marrow six months post augmentation. BLD blood, dPCR Digital PCR, HSPCs hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, MAT mitochondrial augmentation therapy, NGS next-generation sequencing, PS Pearson syndrome, PS-UCB Pearson syndrome umbilical cord blood, UCB umbilical cord blood.

Fig 3: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 increased the levels of CDs in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice. The CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD20 in the serum were detected by the ELISA. (A) The level of CD4. (B) The level of CD8. (C) The level of CD19. (D) The level of CD20. Comparison with N group, differences are indicated by “*”, ** (p < 0.01); comparison with IM group, differences are indicated by “#”, # (p < 0.05), ## (p < 0.01).

Fig 4: Expression of marker molecules of lymphocyte subpopulations in mice thymus. Single-cell suspensions of thymus were prepared, and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD20+ lymphocytes were detected using a flow cytometer. (A) Detection of CD3+ lymphocytes. (B) Detection of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. (C) Detection of CD19+ and CD20+ lymphocytes. N: normal control group. IM: immunosuppressive model group. Rl: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with low concentration. Rm: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with medium concentration. Rh: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with high concentration. PC: positive control.

Fig 5: Expression of marker molecules of lymphocyte subpopulations in mice mesenteric lymph nodes. Single-cell suspensions of mesenteric lymph nodes were prepared, and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD20+ lymphocytes were detected using a flow cytometer. (A) Detection of CD3+ lymphocytes. (B) Detection of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. (C) Detection of CD19+ and CD20+ lymphocytes. N: normal control group. IM: immunosuppressive model group. Rl: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with low concentration. Rm: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with medium concentration. Rh: R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 with high concentration. PC: positive control.