Fig 2: Melatonin-induced inhibition of FGF19 and FGFR4 expression (mRNAs and proteins) in Scheme 15. cells. Relative expression levels of 105 cytokines after being treated with 2 mM Mel or not for 24 h (A). Four cytokines with remarkable changes in intensity were highlighted (B). Expression levels of FGF19 and FGFR4 were determined by qPCR (C,D) and Western blot (E). The Western blot data were obtained from three independent replicates (F). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Fig 3: The mRNA and protein expression levels of FGF19/FGFR4 after FGF19 knocking down. The mRNA (A,B) and protein expression levels of FGF19/FGFR4 (C,D) after hFGF19 knocking down. The invasion and migration ability of cell was determined by trasnwell migration assays at 24 h (F), transwell invasion assays at 36 h (F) and wound healing at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h (E) (Scale bars: (E,G), 100 nm). Quantitative data from three independent experiments are shown in the bottom, respectively (G,H). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Fig 4: The effect of melatonin on cell migration and invasion in SCC-15 cells with or without FGF19 overexpression. The mRNA (A,B) and protein expression levels of FGF19/FGFR4 (C) after hFGF19 overexpression. The invasion and migration ability of cell was determined by trasnwell migration assays at 24 h (G), transwell invasion assays at 36 h (G) and wound healing at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h (E) (Scale bars: (E,G), 100 nm). Quantitative data from three independent experiments are shown in the right panels, respectively (D,F,H). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.