Fig 2: Schematic representation of siRNA-associated immunostimulation(A) SiRNA treatment of CECR1 on isolated THP-1 macrophages (MΦ) results in an increase of MHC-I antigen processing and IFN-γ signaling pathways, resulting in an M1-like phenotype. (B) SiRNA treatment of CECR1 on co-cultured MΦ and U87-glioma cells results in an decrease of pathways associated with proteasome and cell cycle regulation, leading to lower MΦ proliferation rates. (C) Co-culture with U87-glioma cells compared to siCECR1 MΦ without U87-glioma cells results in decrease in protein and RNA expression of targets associated with immune response and phagocytosis. (D) CECR1 normally regulates genexpression of several proteins and pathways associated with MHC-I antigen processing and IFN-γ signaling, resulting in an M2-like phenotype. SiCECR leads to increased expression of these targets, leading to a more M1-like phenotype. Several M2-MΦ lineage markers, e.g. PLAU and S100A9, are upregulated by U87 stimulation. However, LAT2 expression combined with an IL-10 low and IL-12p35 high profile are still present in siCECR1-U87 stimulated cells.