Fig 2: Analysis of galectin-4 interacting proteins by proximity ligation assay (PLA) in wild-type (WT) and galectin-4-knockout (KO) NUGC4 cells (a–c) and in MKN45 cells (d–f). (a) Positive PLA signals (green spots) between galectin-4 (Gal-4) and EGFR were observed in WT NUGC4 cells. PLA signals between galectin-4 and IGF1R (b), and galectin-4 and tyrosine-phosphorylated (PY) molecules (c). Very few PLA signals were observed in NUGC4-KO cells. (d) Positive PLA signals (green spots) between galectin-4 and pMET and between galectin-4 and EphA2 (e) were observed in MKN45 cells. Very few PLA signals between galectin-4 and non-immunized rabbit IgG (rIgG), EphA2 and rIgG. (f) PLA signals between galectin-4 and EphA2 in MKN45 cells treated with control siRNA and galectin-4-specific siRNA. Pan antibodies against EGFR, IGF1R and EphA2 were used for PLA. (scale bars =10 µm).