Fig 2: IL13Ra2 expression in BSGs of the BA cohort. Comparison of IL13Ra2 transcription level in tumor tissues with different H3F3A statuses (A), WHO grades (B), and methylation subtypes (C) in the BA cohort. The linear regression analysis results for IL13Ra2 transcription level and H3.3 (D), Ki67 (E), and CD133 (F) transcription levels in the BA cohort. (G) Kaplan–Meier survival analysis results of the IL13Ra2-high group and IL13Ra2-low group in the BA cohort (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001).

Fig 3: IL13Ra2 expression in different BSG subtypes of the TMA cohort. (A) IL13Ra2 expression of BSG tissues from patients of different genders; (B) IL13Ra2 expression of BSG tissues from patients of different ages; (C) expression of IL13Ra2 in different locations of BSG tumor tissues; (D) expression of IL13Ra2 in DIPG and non-DIPG tumor tissues; (E) expression of IL13Ra2 in H3F3A-wt and H3F3A-mt tumor tissues; (F) expression of IL13Ra2 in BSG tissues of different WHO grades (ns p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001).

Fig 4: IL13Ra2 staining extent in BSG tissues. (A) Typical images of multiple fluorescence staining and spectral resolution of BSG FFPE tumor tissues (20×, all scale bars: 50μm); (B) expression of IL13Ra2, H3.3-K27M, Ki67, CD133, CD4, and HLA-1; (C) expression of H3.3K27M in H3F3A-mutant and wild-type tissues.

Fig 5: Overexpression of IL-13RA2 alleviated KF IL-13–related profibrotic cell behavior.(A) Annexin V/7-AAD double staining assay of KFs with or without IL-13 stimulation. (B) Quantification of Annexin V–positive rates, representing apoptotic rates. (C) Expression of p-STAT6, BCL2L1, and BCL2 in 20KF-vector and 20KF-IL13RA2 cells with or without IL-13 stimulation. (D and E) Migration and invasion of KF-vector and KF-IL13RA2 cells. Scale bar: 50 μm. Quantification of migrated and invaded cells is shown in E. (F and G) Expression of MMPs, COL3A1 and COL1A1, and mesenchymal markers FN1 and vimentin in KF-vector and KF-IL13RA2 cells. (H) Expression of α-SMA in KF-vector and KF-IL13RA2 cells. (I) Representative images of α-SMA immunofluorescent staining in KF-vector and KF-IL13RA2 cells. Scale bars: 100 μm. Error bars represent SD. Experiments were performed 3 times and at least in triplicate each time. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 by 2-tailed Student’s t test.