Electrophoresis was performed on a 5-20% SDS- PAGE gel at 70V (Stacking gel)/90V (Resolving gel) for 2-3 hours. The sample well of each lane was loaded with 50ug of sample under reducing conditions. Lane 1: rat liver tissue lysate, Lane 2: rat liver tissue lysate, Lane 3: mouse liver tissue lysate, Lane 4: mouse liver tissue lysate, Lane 5: human placenta tissue lysate. After Electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to a Nitrocellulose membrane at 150mA for 50-90 minutes. Blocked the membrane with 5% Non-fat Milk/TBS for 1.5 hour at RT. The membrane was incubated with Gc at 0.5ug/ml overnight at 4°C, then washed with TBS-0.1% Tween 3 times with 5 minutes each and probed with a goat anti- rabbit IgG-HRP secondary antibody at a dilution of 1:10,000 for 1.5 hour at RT. The signal is developed using an Enhanced Chemiluminescent detection (ECL) kit with Tanon 5200 system. A specific band was detected for Gc at approximately 53kD. The expected band size for Gc is at 53kD.