Fig 2: Sigma-1 receptor activation promoted oligodendrogenesis differentiation in diabetic mice with stroke. (A,C) Olig2 immunostaining (red) with DAPI (blue) was performed to detect oligodendrogenesis in the CA1 and the substratum lacunosum (SL) and substratum eumoleculare (SE) hippocampal layers at 1, 7, and 21 d after ET-1 injection. (B,D) Quantification of the area of the Olig2-immunostained cells in the CA1 and SL–SE of the hippocampus. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 4–5/group. Scale bars = 25 μm. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Fig 3: Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for FPN1 (green), NeuN (neuronal marker; red)/CD31 (vascular marker; red)/Olig2 (oligodendrocyte marker; red), and DAPI (nuclear marker; blue) in rat brains on POD 28. FPN1-positive cells were colocalized with NeuN- or CD31- or Olig2-positive cells; however, they were largely observed in the WMI group than in the sham group. White arrows indicate FPN1+NeuN+ cells in a5 and b5, FPN1+CD31+ cells in c5 and d5, and FPN1+Olig2+ cells in e5 and f5. Scale bar, 50 μm.

Fig 4: Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for ferritin (green), NeuN (neuronal marker; red)/CD31 (vascular marker; red)/Olig2 (oligodendrocyte marker; red), and DAPI (nuclear marker; blue) in rat brains on POD 28. Ferritin-positive cells were colocalized with CD31- or Olig2-positive cells; however, they were largely observed in the WMI group than in the sham group. White arrows indicate ferritin+CD31+ cells in c5 and d5 and ferritin+Olig2+ cells in f5. Scale bar, 50 μm.

Fig 5: Targeting SUV39H1 decreases GSC-driven GBM growth in mice.(A) Schematic representation of the experimental design for intracranial injection of GSCs with control or SUV39H1 KD. (B) qPCR analysis of SUV39H1 expression in GSCs prior to injection. (C) Bioluminescence imaging of tumor-bearing mice on days 18 and 29 after implantation of GSCs. (D) Representative H&E-stained coronal brain sections of mice implanted with indicated GSCs on day 29. (E and F) Representative images (E) and quantification (F) of IHC staining for SUV39H1, Ki67, and OLIG2 in tumor sections from D. Scale bars: 100 μm (left panels) and 20 μm (high-magnification insets, right panels). Data represent mean ± SD. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 by unpaired, 2-tailed t test.