Fig 1: To determine if immunoglobulin (Ig) recognize cell surface antigens of ballooned hepatocytes, multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed in liver tissue sections.(A) Images of confocal microscopy showed the presence of both IgG (red) and IgA (green) in ballooning hepatocytes (blue) in severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) livers (lower panels), while only hepatic sinusoid endothelial cells (CD32+, purple) stained with IgG and IgA in donor livers (upper panels). (B) Co-staining with β-catenin (blue) demonstrated IgG (red) and IgA (green) deposition on membrane of ballooning hepatocytes in SAH livers. (C) Triple staining for IgG (red), IgA (green), and C4d (blue) showed both IgG and IgA co-stained with C4d on the surface of hepatocyte. Representative tissue sections from six samples per group.