Fig 1: Validation of differentially expressed proteins. (a) WB images (left) and corresponding statistics (right) of neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL) in D-gal model mouse brain tissue show significant up-regulation of neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL) expression at different concentrations of SPAM1. (b) WB images (left) and corresponding statistics (right) of neurofilament medium polypeptide (NEFM) in D-gal model mouse brain tissue show significant up-regulation of neurofilament medium polypeptide (NEFM) expression at different concentrations of SPAM1. ## p < 0.01 vs. CON; ** p < 0.01 vs. D-gal. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three experiments.