Fig 1: FTA alleviated DDC-induced cholestatic liver injury by inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. (a–c) Serum TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels measured by ELISA kits. (d–f) Liver TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNAs expression detected by RT-qPCR. (g) F4/80 detected by immunohistochemistry. (h) Quantitative analysis of F4/80. (i) Liver F4/80 mRNA expression detected by RT-qPCR. (j–o) Proteins expression and quantitative analysis of TLR4, MYD88, and ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65. (p) p-NF-κB p65 detected by immunohistochemistry. # p < 0.05 vs. Control group, ## p < 0.01 vs. Control group, * p < 0.05 vs. 0.1% DDC group, ** p < 0.01 vs. 0.1% DDC group.