Fig 2: Olig2-AS distribution is similar to that of GAT-3, a GABA transporter. Low-magnification views of sagittal brain sections showed that the distribution of Olig2-AS (A) is similar to that of GAT-3 immunoreactivity, a glial GABA transporter (B), but not to that of glutamate transporters, GLT-1 and /or GLAST (C). Scale bar: 1 mm (C) for A,B).

Fig 3: Alterations of protein and mRNA expressions of GLAST and GLT-1 in the hippocampi of mice by CUMS as well as XYS and FLU treatment. a, c The protein expressions of GLT-1 and GLAST were measured by Western blotting. b, d The mRNAs levels of GLT-1 and GLAST were measured by qRT-PCR. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5 per group.** p < 0.001 vs. control;? p < 0.05,# p < 0.01 vs. model

Fig 4: Alterations of GLAST and GLT-1 immunoreactivities in the hippocampi of mice by CUMS as well as XYS and FLU treatment. a, b The AOD of GLAST and GLT-1 in the hippocampal subregions CA1,CA3 and DG were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Abbreviations:CA1 and CA3: hippocampal subregions of ammons horn (cornu ammonis), DG:dentate gyrus. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M,n = 5 per group.* P < 0.05 vs. control;? p < 0.05, # p < 0.01 vs. model

Fig 5: Expression levels of GLAST, Na+/K+-ATPase a1 and Vglut3 were disrupted after noise exposure. (A) Western blot of Vglut3, GLAST and Na+/K+-ATPase a1 from normal cochlea and noise-exposure cochlea on hour 2, day 1, day 7, day 30 after noise (n = 6–8 ears). (B–D) Quantification of expression levels of Vglut3, GLAST and Na+/K+-ATPase a1. The statistics were repeated three times. *vs. Ctr, p < 0.05; ***vs. Ctr, p < 0.001. ##vs. 2 h, p < 0.01; ###vs. 2 h, p < 0.001; &vs. 1 day, p < 0.05; &&&vs. 1 day, p < 0.001.