Fig 2: Urinary PCSK9. (a) The immunoblot used to detect PCSK9 in the urine of 10 patients with IBD. Liver tissue was used as positive control. The Coomassie-stained membrane is shown as a loading control. Molecular weight, MW; (b) urinary PCSK9 levels normalized to urinary creatinine of controls, patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Statistical test: Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction. Small circles and asterisks in the figures are outliers.

Fig 3: PCSK9 and cholesteryl ester (CE) levels in relation to fecal calprotectin. (a) Serum PCSK9 of patients with IBD classified for fecal calprotectin levels; (b) total CE serum levels of male patients with IBD classified for fecal calprotectin levels. <50: calprotectin levels below 50 µg/g, <150: calprotectin levels from 50 to 150 µg/g, >150: calprotectin levels between 150 and 500 µg/g, >500: calprotectin levels exceeding 500 µg/g. * p < 0.05 Statistical test: Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc Bonferroni test. Small circles and asterisks in the figures are outliers.