Fig 2: CaMKII inhibitor, KN93 blocks the KOR agonist-induced changes of synaptic plasticity of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 mice. (A) The escape latency, the frequency of crossing the original station location and the time spent in the original quadrant of mice in each group. (B) Golgi-Cox staining of brain tissue samples. Scale bar, 10 µm. (C) Western blot analysis of NCAM, NR2B and GluR1 expression levels of mice in each group. *P<0.05 vs. U50488H group. Experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times. CaMKII, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; KOR, κ-opioid receptor; NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule; NR2B, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B; GluR1, glutamate receptor 1.

Fig 3: Validation of proteomic analysis.a Table representing the detection (green for attractive molecules, magenta for repulsive molecules) or the absence of detection (grey) of guidance ligands in each brain target. b Table representing the detection (green for attractive molecules, magenta for repulsive molecules) or the absence of detection (grey) of guidance receptors in each brain target. c Table summarizing the type of cells expressing the guidance molecules of interest. d Epifluorescence images of NCAM1 immunofluorescent labelling in the adult chiasm, SCN, LGN and SCol (co-labelled with CTB). d’ Confocal images of NCAM1 and different cell populations markers (GFAP, Iba1, Olig2, NeuN) in the adult intact chiasm, SCN, dLGN, vLGN and SCol. e Epifluorescence images of Ephrin-B3 immunofluorescent labelling in the adult LGN (co-labelled with CTB). e’ Confocal images of Ephrin-B3 and different cell populations markers (GFAP, Iba1, Olig2, NeuN) in the adult intact dLGN and vLGN. f Epifluorescence images of Sema4D immunofluorescent labelling in the adult chiasm and LGN (co-labelled with CTB). f’ Confocal images of Sema4D and different cell populations markers (GFAP, Iba1, Olig2, NeuN) in the adult intact chiasm, dLGN and vLGN. g Epifluorescence images of Sema7A immunofluorescent labelling in the adult intact LGN (co-labelled with CTB). g’ Confocal images of Sema7A and different cell populations markers (GFAP, Iba1, Olig2 and NeuN) in the adult intact dLGN and vLGN. h Epifluorescence images of CSPG4 immunofluorescent labelling in the adult intact LGN (co-labelled with CTB). h’ Confocal images of CSPG4 and different cell populations markers (GFAP, Iba1, Olig2 and NeuN) in the adult intact dLGN and vLGN. d, e, f, g, h scale bar: 200 µm. d’, e’, f’, g’, h’: scale bar: 50 µm. All images are representative of N = 3 biologically independent animals.

Fig 4: The impact of different TGFβ1 level in CAFs on tumor immunology. Immumohistochemical staining of lung cancer tissues in mice for TGFβ1, CD8, FOXP3, PDL1, CD56, CD11b, CD86, and CD206. TGFβ1 overexpression in CAFs inhibited the antitumor immunity of lung cancer xenograft. Statistical significance is shown (∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01). shNC and oxNC, control groups corresponding to knockdown and overexpression of TGFβ1 recombinant lentiviral infection; shTGFβ1 and TGFβ1ox, knockdown and overexpression of TGFβ1 recombinant lentiviral infection.

Fig 5: The guidance map is established during innervation of the developing visual target regions.a Schematic drawing showing in utero injection of mouse embryo eye at E15.5 and postnatal eye injection. Experimental design and timeline, and representative epifluorescent images of CTB-labelled dLGN at the different time points. For P2 to P14 time-points: one day before sample collection, one eye of mouse pups was injected intravitreally with CTB-555. For P0 time-point: 6 h before sample collection, one eye of mouse pups was injected intravitreally with CTB-555. b–f Epifluorescent images of immunofluorescent labelling of b CSPG4, c NCAM1, d NrCAM, e Sema7A and, f Ephrin-B3 in the developing dLGN (co-labelled with CTB, marked with white dashed lines on coronal sections). Scale bar: 100 µm. All images are representative of N = 3 biologically independent animals.