Fig 2: H-scores of annexin A1 and S100A9 in the observation group were significantly higher compared with the control group. However, uromodulin and osteopontin were not significantly expressed on the urothelial mucosa in either group. Values are expressed as mean ± SD; n = 20 in the observation group and n = 20 in the control group, **P < .01; N.S. P > .05. SD = standard deviation.

Fig 3: FAM20A and FAM20C expression in normal gingiva. (A) FAM20A expression is detected in epithelial cells (epi) and vascular cells in the papillary layer (pl). (B) FAM20A (green) is expressed in S100A9 (red) cells (arrowhead). Thin arrows bordered a blood vessel. (C) In fibroblasts, FAM20A is found in vesicles within elongated processes. (D) In the lamina propria, FAM20A is also expressed in endothelial and perivascular cells of blood vessels. (E) FAM20C distribution in epithelial, vascular (arrowheads) and fibroblastic cells of the papillary layer and of the lamina propria (lp). (F) FAM20C is found in vesicles within elongated processes of fibroblasts. (G) FAM20A (green) and FAM20C (red) are co-expressed in epithelial cells. (H) FAM20C expression in S100A9 positive populations (arrowheads). (I,J) Absence of FAM20A expression (green) in the proband’s gingiva; FAM20C (red) is detected in enlarged blood vessels (I) and gingival epithelium (J). Arrows indicated FAM20C expression in fibroblasts. (K) Western-blot of FAM20A and FAM20C in control and proband gingiva. V: vessel. Scale bars: (A–D,G–J) = 100 µm; (E) = 200 µm; (F) = 20 µm.