Fig 2: Altered CD8+ T cell function by glutamine deficiency. Activated CD8+ T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 containing no glutamine (0Gln) for 3 d. The levels of indicated molecules in CD8+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. A: PD-1; B: PRF1; C: Granzyme B; D: JC-1; E: Reactive oxygen species; F: Apoptosis. The data represent the mean ± SE; bP < 0.01; cP < 0.001; dP < 0.0001. Gln: Glutamine.

Fig 3: Regulation of CD8+ T cell function by carbonyl cyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone. A-C: Activated CD8+T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 5 µmol/L or 10 µmol/L carbonyl cyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone for 3 d, respectively. The levels of indicated molecules in CD8+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. A: PD-1; B: PRF1; C: Granzyme B. The data represent the mean ± SE; dP < 0.0001. CCCP: Carbonyl cyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone.

Fig 4: Evaluations of CD8+ T cell function. Activated CD8+ T cells were co-cultured with Huh-7 cells for 3 d. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of indicated molecules in CD8+ T cells. A: PD-1; B: PRF1; C: Granzyme B (GZMB). D and E: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA levels in CD8+ T cells (D: PRF1; E: GZMB). The data represent the mean ± SE; aP < 0.05; bP < 0.01; cP < 0.001; dP < 0.0001.

Fig 5: Effect of glutamine deprivation on CD8+ T cells co-cultured with hepatoma cells. Activated CD8+T cells were co-cultured with Huh-7 cells in RPMI 1640 containing no glutamine (0Gln) for 3 d. The levels of indicated molecules in CD8+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. A: PD-1; B: PRF1; C: Granzyme B; D: JC-1; E: Reactive oxygen species; F: Apoptosis. The data represent the mean ± SE; aP < 0.05; bP < 0.01; cP < 0.001; dP < 0.0001. Gln: Glutamine.