Fig 1: Tumor-derived GCSF inhibits cDC1 development. a ISH for Csf3 on end-stage PyMT-B6 and KPC tumor tissue and tumor-free mammary or pancreas tissue; n = 3 per group. Scale bar 25 μm. b Human patient BC and PDAC tumor tissue stained for GCSF. BC graded for low, medium, and high staining per tumor cell; BC, n = 106; PDAC, n = 5. Scale bar 10 μm. c Number of BM pre-DCs, CD24+ cDC1s, and immature granulocytes and blood pre-DCs from mice bearing end-stage orthotopic PyMT-B6 or PyMT-B6 GCSFKO mammary tumors relative to tumor-free controls, n = 6/group. End stage for each model is defined in the Methods. Error bars represent mean +/− s.e.m.; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by unpaired two-sided Student’s t test
Fig 2: High G-CSF expression PDAC patients demonstrate the profit of adjuvant chemotherapy after resection.Notes: Three groups of PDAC patients with no G-CSF grouping and with G-CSF listed separately were examined for the profit of adjuvant chemotherapy by Kaplan–Meier analysis. (A) No grouping of G-CSF (P = 0.260); (B) low G-CSF expression group (P = 0.853); (C) high G-CSF expression group (P = 0.056).Abbreviations: G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Fig 3: Histopathological images of EBUS-TBNA specimens of the mediastinal lymph node. a Hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical images showing cancer cells expressing PD-L1 (TPS: 100%) (b) and G-CSF (c). a–c Scale bar, 400 μm. EBUS-TBNA, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; G-CSF, granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor.
Fig 4: G-CSF is not expressed in normal pancreatic tissue, but expressed in PDAC.Notes: Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of G-CSF in normal pancreatic and PDAC tissues. The representative photographs are shown. (A) No expression of G-CSF; (B) weak expression of G-CSF; (C) moderate expression of G-CSF; (D) high expression of G-CSF.Abbreviations: G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Fig 5: Association of infiltrating immune cell patterns with features of the Mickey-like clusters. a The expression status of the three comprehensive gene groups with 44 P-DEGs in the Mickey-like clusters. The vertical axis shows the three gene sets derived from the 44 P-DEGs, and the horizontal axis shows the samples ordered by hallmark-tsne subtype. The heatmap was simplified in Fig. 4b. Each cell of the heatmap represents a GSVA enrichment score based on the G1, G2 and G3 gene sets, and the score decreases from red to blue. (The legend is same as that for Fig. 4b.) b The distribution of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the Mickey-like clusters. The y-axis displays the immune cell types ordered with Ward linkage in a hierarchical cluster. The x-axis depicts the samples in Mickey-like clusters and the intrinsic gene subtype order. Moreover, the GSVA scores were centered and scaled in the row direction in the heatmap. aDC: activated dendritic cell; NK-CD56dim: natural killer cell-CD56dim; ExhauT-type1: exhausted T cell-type 1; ExhauT-type2: exhausted T cell-type 2; Tgd: T gamma delta cell; NEU: neutrophil cell; Tem: T effector memory cell; DC: dendritic cell; pDC: plasmacytoid DC; iDC: immature dendritic cell; Eos: eosinophil granulocyte; Tcm: T central memory cell. c and d Distribution of the infiltrated neutrophils (c) and Tgd (d) estimated by GSVA among the hallmark-tsne subtype (ANOVA test with pairwise comparison adjusted with the Bonferroni correction). e Relationship of infiltrated neutrophils and Tgd cells (Pearson’s correlation). f Expression of G-CSF genes in the hallmark-tsne subtype (ANOVA test with pairwise comparison adjusted with the Bonferroni correction). g Relationship of infiltrated neutrophils and G-CSF expression counts (Pearson’s correlation)
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