Description
Principle of the assay: This assay employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitative IL-1beta in Fish serum, plasma. An antibody specific for IL-1beta has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any IL-1beta present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin - conjugated antibody specific for IL-1beta is added to the wells. After washing, Streptavidin conjugated Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound avidin-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of IL-1beta bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.
Background: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) also known as catabolin, is a cytokine protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1B gene. IL-1 beta precursor is cleaved by cytosolic caspase 1 (interleukin 1 beta convertase) to form mature IL-1beta. Interleukin 1 was discovered by Igal Gery in 1972. He named it lymphocyte-activating factor (LAF) because it was a lymphocyte mitogen. It was not until 1985 that interleukin 1 was discovered to consist of two distinct proteins, now called interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta. IL-1 beta is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2