Description
Principle of the assay: This assay employs the competitive enzyme immunoassay technique. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with goat-anti-rabbit antibody. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with an antibody specific for IL-1B and Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugated IL-1B. The competitive inhibition reaction is launched between with HRP labeled IL-1B and unlabeled IL-1B with the antibody. A substrate solution is added to the wells and the color develops in opposite to the amount of IL-1B in the sample. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.
Background: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) also known as catabolin, is a cytokine protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1B gene. IL-1beta precursor is cleaved by cytosolic caspase 1 (interleukin 1 beta convertase) to form mature IL-1beta. Interleukin 1 was discovered by Igal Gery in 1972. He named it lymphocyteactivating factor (LAF) because it was a lymphocyte mitogen. It was not until 1985 that interleukin 1 was discovered to consist of two distinct proteins, now called interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta. IL-1beta is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2