Fig 1: PARP Inhibitor Rescue Experiments Establish Causal Role of PARP in Parthanatos. Cell viability of (A) MCF-7 and (B) MDA-MB-231 cells treated with etoposide, resveratrol, or their combination in the presence or absence of olaparib, PARP inhibitor, for 24 h, NAD+ levels of (C) MCF-7 and (D) MDA-MB-231 cells treated with etoposide, resveratrol, or their combination in the presence or absence of olaparib, PARP inhibitor, for 24 h, and (E) AIF translocation in MCF-7 and (F) MDA-MB-231 cells treated with etoposide, resveratrol, or their combination in the presence or absence of olaparib, PARP inhibitor, for 24 h. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. combination treatment alone.
Fig 2: Etoposide and resveratrol combination induces parthanatos activation. (A) AIF translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus and (B) NAD+ depletion in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with etoposide, resveratrol, or their combination for 24 h. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. **** p < 0.0001 vs. control.
Fig 3: Gene Expression Analysis of PARP-1 and AIF by qRT-PCR. Relative mRNA expression levels of (A) PARP-1 and (B) AIF in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with etoposide, resveratrol, or their combination for 24 h. Gene expression was normalized to GAPDH. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * p < 0.1, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. control.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Human AIF ELISA Kit (Apoptosis-Inducing Factor 1)