Description
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a growth factor within the TGF-beta superfamily, crucial for various developmental processes such as cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. It facilitates cartilage and bone formation by initiating the canonical BMP signaling cascade through interaction with the BMPR1A type I receptor and the BMPR2 type II receptor. In mice, BMP-2 primarily supports the formation and regeneration of bones and cartilage, promotes angiogenesis, and maintains bone homeostasis. As a powerful osteoinductive factor, BMP-2 enhances osteoblast differentiation and activity, leading to new bone formation. Research indicates that BMP-2, along with BMP6, is significant in the development of mouse long bones, as mice deficient in these proteins exhibit skeletal retardation and bone loss