Fig 1: Comparison of the effects of PRLM and PGM + MMPi on MMP-2/9 activity, BMB function, and milk component production in 3D BMECs. (A) The gelatinase activity of MMP-2/9 in cell culture supernatants was evaluated using gelatin zymography. The size of the clear bands was determined using the ImageJ software. (B) Protein expression levels of tight junction proteins (claudin-3 and claudin-4) and milk proteins (α-casein, β-casein, BLG, and LALBA) were analyzed using western blot. (C) α-Casein and triglycerides content in the cell culture supernatants were quantified using CSN1 ELISA and Triglyceride Assay kits, respectively. All significant differences are indicated by different superscript letters with ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test (P < 0.05), with NS representing no significant difference compared to that with Veh. PGM + MMPi: PGM supplemented with 400 ng/mL MMPi.