Description
Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase (FBP) (EC 3.1.3.11) is a rate-limiting enzyme for gluconeogenesis. It hydrolyzes Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate releasing inorganic phosphate and Fructose-6-Phosphate that is further used in the synthesis of glucose. In humans, Fructose-1,6- Bisphosphatase can be found in the form of two isozymes: FBP1 and FBP2. FBP1 is mainly expressed in liver and kidneys, while FBP2 is expressed in all tissues. Deficiency of Fructose-1,6-Bisphoshatase causes hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and unexpected death in infants. Recent studies have found elevated FBP levels subjects dealing with obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, inhibition of FBP increases glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, FBP could serve as a potential target for treating type II diabetes (insulin resistance)