Fig 2: Mechanisms of C. oligandrus Pierre & Hutch extracts. (A), Effects of control LRAs and C. oligandrus extracts on supernatant IL-2 and IL-6 levels in Jurkat cells as measured by ELISA. Data are presented as fold-change in cytokine levels relative to untreated cells. (B), Effects of control LRAs and extracts on cellular HDAC activity in Jurkat cells, as measured by HDAC-Glo assay. (C), Effects of control LRAs and extracts in J-Lat 10.6 cells in the presence of pan-PKC inhibitor GÖ-6983.

Fig 3: Silencing of BATF3 expression disrupts cytokine production from stimulated primary human T cells.(A, top) Schematics of a representative engineered dCas9-based DNA methyltransferase (WT shown)-encoding lentivirus (Lentivirus 1) and gRNA-encoding lentivirus (Lentivirus 2). Not to scale. pTRE3G:doxycycline-inducible promoter, PGK: phosphoglycerate kinase constitutive promoter, EFS: EF-1α short constitutive promoter, P2A: ribosomal skipping peptide,hU6: human U6 promoter. (A, bottom) Experimental overview for assay of dCas9-DNMT3A/3L activities with respect to IL-2 and IFNγ secretion indonor-derived human T cells. (B and C) Concentrations of IL-2 (panel B) or IFNγ (panel C) in culture supernatants 12 h post stimulation with PMA (25 ng/mL) and Ionomycin (1 μg/mL).

Fig 4: Xenogeneic cells promote cytokine secretion in co-culture with mouse splenocytes, KG-1 dendritic cells, and Jurkat T cells. Cytokine secretion levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were measured in various immune cell co-cultures under different experimental conditions. Cytokine levels in collected co-cultured media were quantified using ELISA. The production of IFN-γ in (a) mouse splenocytes, (b) KG-1 cells, and (c) Jurkat cells co-cultured with XMC or BT474 cells. The production of IL-2 in (d) mouse splenocytes, (e) KG-1, and (f) Jurkat cells co-cultured with XMC or BT474 cells. A statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was defined as **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.