Fig 2: Cytotherapy of MSCs ameliorate hyperoxia‐induced inflammation and angiogenesis‐associated cytokine level changes in plasma and lung tissues in BPD rats. The plasma levels of proinflammatory and angiogenesis cytokines were measured including TNF‐α (A), VEGFA (B) and ET1 (C). Hyperoxia induced increase of TNF‐α and ET1 and decrease of VEGFA, while cytotherapy of MSCs ameliorated these changes. Some other proinflammatory cytokines were measured in lung tissue lysis, including TNF‐α (D), IL1B (E) and IL6 (F). Cytotherapy of MSCs also ameliorated hyperoxia‐induced proinflammatory cytokine increase. n = 5; *, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD group; &, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD+AF‐MSC group; #, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD+UC‐MSC group

Fig 3: Influence of sitagliptin on serum indices in the HFD-fed rats. (A) serum ET-1 levels, n = 3 in each group; (B) serum NO levels, n = 6 in each group; (C) serum SOD levels, n = 6 in each group; (D) serum T-AOC levels, n = 6 in each group; (E) serum FFA levels, n = 6 in each group; (F) serum MDA levels, n = 6 in each group; (G) serum IL-1β levels, n = 3 in each group; (H) serum TNFα levels, n = 3 in each group. SCD: standard chow diet; HFD: high-fat diet; HFD + SIT: HFD and sitagliptin therapy group. All values displayed are mean ± SEM.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001 vs. SCD group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. HFD group.

Fig 4: Effect of LFG on A NO, B Ang II and C ET-1 levels in serum of SHR. Compared with model group, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01