Fig 1: Release experiment with the Franz Cell. (a) NPY hydrogel formulation in donor chamber showing the shift of pH from acidic to neutral pH (phenol red indicator) with time of incubation. Scale bar, 2 mm. (b) Release of NPY in PBS (closed circles) compared with NPY in hydrogel (open circles) as a function of time. Inset: Close-up of the release of NPY in hydrogel. Mean ± SEM (n = 3).
Fig 2: Franz Cell (PermeGear) used in the studies on NPY release. Scale bar, 10 mm.
Fig 3: Microphotographs of full-thickness wounds on day 14 from the NPY (a,d), IGF-I (b,e), and control (c) groups at low magnification (a–c) and granulation tissue at higher magnification (d,e). Note neoangiogenesis of small vessels filled with erythrocytes (examples of blood vessels are indicated by white arrows) in the NPY group. Inflammatory cellular infiltrate consisting of mononuclear small lymphocytes and neutrophil granulocytes with segmented nuclei (d). Deposition of foreign material (*) is indicated (d,e). Arrowhead points to multinucleated giant cell (f). Scale bars, 500 µm (a–c). H&E stain.
Fig 4: Relative change of wound area of the ischemic wounds in the NPY (n = 9), rhIGF-I (n = 9) and control (n = 10) groups. The initial wound area on day 0 was 49 ± 2.1 mm2 in the NPY group, 57 ± 3.5 mm2 in the rhIGF-I group, and 54 ± 3.7 mm2 in the control group. Negative values represent decreased wound size from day 0. Mean ± SEM.
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