Description
The mature monomer of TGF-beta3 is composed of 112 amino acids, and the monomer part is at the carboxyl terminal of the precursor protein of TGF-beta3.The structure of TGF-beta3 in human body is a 25ku dimer, which is crosslinked by disulfide bonds between two monomers with the same structure and molecular weight of 12.5ku.TGF-beta3 signaling is mediated by membrane-bound serine/threonine kinase receptors that regulate the transcription of target genes through the Smads protein pathway, thereby mediating a series of TGF-beta3 biological responses. The protein is involved in embryogenesis and cell differentiation, and may play a role in wound healing. Studies have shown that the TGF-beta family is the most closely known cytokine associated with scar formation. The TGF-beta family is a feedback inhibition system. Although the amino acid homology of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 among each other is up to 70%, they play different roles in different cell types. TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 can promote collagen formation. while TGF-beta3 can antagonize TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2, suggesting that TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 are related to scar hyperplasia and TGF-beta3 plays a role in scar regression. Recent studies have shown that TGF-beta3, a member of the transforming growth factor family, can effectively promote the transformation process of adipose stem cells into chondrocytes, thereby promoting chondrogenesis