Description
It is a single-pass transmembrane protein composed of three extracellular Ig-like domains,a transmembrane region, and a tyrosine kinase domain (1, 2). Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration (3, 4,5). Required for normal mesoderm patterning and correct axial organization duringembryonic development, normal skeletogenesis and normal development of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal system (6). Phosphorylates PLCG1,FRS2, GAB1 and SHB (6). Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signallingcascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signalling moleculesdiacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation of FRS2 triggersrecruitment of GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1, and mediates activation of RAS,MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signalling pathway, as well as of the AKT1signalling pathway (7, 8, 9). Promotes phosphorylation of SHC1, STAT1 and PTPN11/SHP2(10). In the nucleus, enhances RPS6KA1 and CREB1 activity and contributes to the regulation of transcription (11).FGFR1c is an alternatively spliced isoform representing mesenchymal variant of FGFR1