Fig 1: A, Myocardial area at risk (AAR) as a percentage of total left ventricle (LV). B, Infarct size (INF) as a percentage of AAR. C, INF as a percentage of LV. D, Representative images of heart sections stained with CD31. Bar=50 μm. E, Number of CD31‐positive cells per mm2. Proliferation of lymph endothelial cells (ECs; F) and human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs; G) in response to treatment with 100 ng/mL of either vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C)Cys156Ser or VEGF‐A. Values are means±SEM of 3 independent experiments of 3 biological replicates. NAb indicates neutralizing antibody. *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001 vs sham (E); *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001 vs vehicle (F and G).
Fig 2: Representative immunoblots and analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C; A) and VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3; B) protein expression levels in samples collected from hearts subjected to different periods of ischemia. Numbers in bars indicate sample sizes. Values are means±SEM. D indicates day; MI, myocardial ischemia. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 vs sham.
Fig 3: Representative immunoblots and analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C; A) and VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3; B) protein expression levels in samples collected from hearts subjected to 60 minutes of myocardial ischemia and different periods of reperfusion. Values are means±SEM. D indicates day; I/R, ischemia and reperfusion. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 vs sham.
Fig 4: A, Representative images of left ventricular sections stained with an anti‐LYVE1 antibody to denote LYVE1‐positive cells (top panels) and lymphatic collecting vessel luminal area (bottom panels). Summary of LYVE1‐positive cells (B) and lymphatic lumen area (C). D, Levels of circulating fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran. E, Levels of cardiac hyaluronic acid. Samples were collected from hearts subjected to 60 minutes of myocardial ischemia and 1 week of reperfusion. Different groups of mice were treated with vehicle, MAZ‐51, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C) neutralizing antibody (NAb), or VEGF‐CCys156Ser. Bar=50 μm. Values are means±SEM. *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001 vs sham.
Fig 5: A, Representative images of heart sections stained with Masson's trichrome to denote infarct scar. B, Infarct scar area as a percentage of left ventricular area. C, Heart weight/tibia length (HW/TL) ratios. Left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD; D), LV end‐systolic diameter (LVESD; E), and LV ejection fraction (F) were measured in groups of mice using echocardiography images 4 weeks after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (POST). Values are means±SEM. NAb indicates neutralizing antibody; VEGF‐C, vascular endothelial growth factor C. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 vs vehicle (B and C); ***P<0.001 vs baseline (D‐F).
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