Fig 1: Resveratrol rescues TNF-α-induced inhibition of osteogenesis in hPDLSCs and attenuates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines induced by TNF-α. hPDLSCs were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/ml), resveratrol (1 µmol/l) or both (A) Western blot analysis of ALP and Runx2 levels in hPDLSCs cultured for 21 days. Semi-quantitative analysis of (B) ALP and (C) Runx2 protein levels in hPDLSCs cultured for 21 days. Relative expression of (D) ALP and (E) Runx2 mRNA. (F) Relative expression of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA in hPDLSCs cultured for 24 h. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. the control group; #P<0.05 vs. the TNF-α-treated group. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; hPDLSCs, human periodontal ligament stem cells; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; IL, interleukin.
Fig 2: Chemoresistant MB is susceptible to combination treatment of vincristine with cisplatin or niclosamide.Med8A-S, Med8A-R, and Med8A-S-IL6+ cells were treated with vincristine alone or in combination with (a) cisplatin and (b) niclosamide at the indicated concentrations for 48 h and cell viability assessed with CTB. As plotted is the mean ± SD of three replicates; ***p < 0.001, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (Significance not highlighted in the figure is presented in Supplementary Table 1).
Fig 3: Chemoresistant MB is associated with enhanced STAT3 activity.a Lysates of DAOY and Med8A-S cells under basal, nonstimulated conditions were assessed for levels of phosphorylated (pY705 and pS727) and total STAT3 by Western blot analysis. b Med8A-S was treated with IL-6 at various concentrations for various times to identify conditions promoting optimal but non-saturating stimulation of pY705-STAT3. c Med8A-S and Med8A-R cells were treated with IL-6 at 1 or 5 ng/mL for 10 min and cell lysates immunoblotted for pY705 and total STAT3. As shown is representative of 3 independent replicates. d Quantitation of pY705-STAT3 over total STAT3, reflected as fold change, from the data shown in (c). **p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post-test. e Med8A-S and Med8A-R cells were treated with 2 mM sodium vanadate for 20 min, and cell lysates immunoblotted for pY705 and total STAT3. Left panel: As shown is representative of 3 independent replicates. Right panel: Quantitation of pY705-STAT3 over total STAT3, reflected as fold change. Significance determined by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test.
Fig 4: Inflammatory potential of C. acnes strains(A) HaCaT IL-8 release after 48 h of infection with C. acnes.(B) C. acnes-induced IL-6 release after 48 h of infection. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. ∗∗∗∗p < 0.001
Fig 5: SARS-CoV-2 infection of human respiratory epithelial cells induces robust mucoinflammatory response in a 3D airway tissue model(A–F) Respiratory airway epithelial cells differentiated on air-liquid interface were infected with one MOI of SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate (USA-WA1/2020 isolate) and analyzed at 0, 1, 4, 24, and 48 h postinfection (hpi). Viral loads were determined in (A) the apical washes and (B) the total cellular RNA. Relative expression levels of the inflammatory factors, (C) IL-6, and (D) ICAM-1 mRNA; and (E) airway mucin MUC5AC; and (F) SPDEF transcriptional factor in the total cellular RNA was analyzed by qRT-PCR. (n = 4/gp; ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 by ANOVA).(G) Representative micrographs of uninfected control (CTRL) and SARS-CoV-2-infected (CoV-2+) cells showing MUC5AC (shown in green) immunoreactivity along with the DAPI stained nuclei (shown in blue); scale bar: 5 μm.(H) Percentage of MUC5AC+ cells within each treatment group.(I–K) Secreted protein levels of (I) MUC5AC mucin in apical washes and (J) IL-6 and (K) ICAM-1 in culture media supernatants as determined by specific ELISA assays (n = 4/gp; ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; by Student’s t test). There was a significant suppression of viral entry host factors with elevated expression of other mucin genes and SCGB1A1 mRNA following CoV-2 infection (Figure S5).
Supplier Page from BioLegend for LEGEND MAX(TM) Human IL-6 ELISA Kit