Fig 1: Evaluation of the mRNA transcription and protein expression of OPN and MCP-1 in MDCK cells. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of expression levels of OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in MDCK cells; values were corrected for GAPDH. Protein expression of (B) OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in MDCK cells. The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. sodium oxalate group. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance. OPN, osteopontin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.
Fig 2: Immunohistochemical distribution of the expression of OPN and MCP-1 in rat kidneys harvested following an 8-week treatment period. The left column comprises representative images showing the expression of OPN and MCP-1 in control rats, the middle column comprises representative images showing the expression of OPN and MCP-1 in EG-treated rats and the right column comprises representative images showing the expression of OPN and MCP-1 in EG + metformin-co-treated rats. OPN, osteopontin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; EG, ethylene glycol.
Fig 3: Evaluation of the mRNA transcription and protein expression of OPN and MCP-1 in HK-2 cells. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of expression levels of OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in HK-2 cells; values are corrected for GAPDH. Protein expression of (B) OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in HK-2 cells. The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. sodium oxalate group. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance. OPN, osteopontin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.
Fig 4: Levels of serum cytokines/chemokines. ELISA determination of serum (A) IL-6, (B) IL-21, (C) CXCL8 and (D) MCP-1 content in patients with sepsis and healthy controls. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. healthy controls. CXCL8, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-8; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; NC, normal healthy controls.
Fig 5: Evaluation of the mRNA transcription and protein expression of OPN and MCP-1 in rat kidneys. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of expression levels of OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in rat kidneys; values were corrected for GAPDH. Protein expression of (B) OPN (left panel) and MCP-1 (right panel) in rat kidneys. The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of six independent experiments. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. sodium oxalate group. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance. OPN, osteopontin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; EG, ethylene glycol.
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